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Concrete Sidewalks & Walkways in San Antonio, TX

Quick answer

A San Antonio walkway lasts when it's poured over compacted soil and base, sloped to shed water, and jointed at regular intervals, sometimes with dowels between panels on clay. Live oak roots and shrinking clay are common causes of lifted or tilted panels. Public sidewalks are in the right-of-way, where the city's Sidewalk-Curb permit applies.

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Walkways are narrow slabs, and narrow slabs show soil movement first. In San Antonio that usually means a front walk that has tilted away from the porch, a panel lifted by a live oak root, or a gap that opens wide in late summer when clay dries out and closes up again after rain.

Common projects

  • New front walks from the driveway or curb to the door
  • Side-yard paths to gates, trash bins and AC units
  • Replacing cracked, tilted or sunken panels
  • Steps and landings on sloped Hill Country lots
  • Widening a walk for a stroller, wheelchair or walker

Building a walk that stays put

The soil is compacted, a base is placed and the walk is poured with a slight cross-slope so water sheds off. Joints are tooled at regular intervals, often about the walk's width apart, so cracks form in a line. An isolation joint at the porch, steps and driveway lets each piece move on its own. On expansive clay, some contractors also use dowels between panels so they move together instead of stepping up and down.

Live oaks and roots

Mature live oaks are a big part of older San Antonio neighborhoods, and their roots are a common cause of lifted walks. Cutting large roots can harm the tree. In Texas, oak wilt is a serious disease, and Texas A&M Forest Service and AgriLife guidance generally discourages wounding oaks during the spring when the disease spreads most easily, so plan root work with an arborist's input. Rerouting the walk or bridging over roots are often better options than cutting. The City of San Antonio also has tree preservation rules that apply to some projects, so ask if your work could be affected.

Steps

Steps need consistent riser heights and tread depths. Steps attached to the house or that serve as a required exit can fall under the residential building code, including handrails above a certain number of risers. Ask whether a permit is needed.

Public sidewalks

The sidewalk along the street is in the public right-of-way. Inside San Antonio, sidewalk, curb and driveway approach work in the right-of-way goes through the city's Sidewalk-Curb permit and right-of-way approval, and the city registers sidewalk, curb and gutter contractors. Who pays for a broken public sidewalk can vary, and suburban cities like Alamo Heights, Schertz and New Braunfels have their own rules, so contact your city before replacing any public sidewalk. Public sidewalks are also expected to meet accessibility rules for slope and curb ramps.

Repair or replace?

  • Hairline cracks are usually cosmetic.
  • Sunken panels that are intact can often be lifted. See concrete repair and leveling.
  • Broken or root-heaved panels are usually replaced joint to joint.

Questions to ask

  • What base and thickness will you use on this soil?
  • How will you handle tree roots, and do you work with an arborist?
  • Will new panels be doweled to the old ones?
  • Does any of this touch the public sidewalk, and who gets the permit?

Have a trip hazard or a new path in mind? Request a walkway contractor.

See how it works

Why concrete cracks, and how control joints decide where. Press the buttons to run each step and see what happens inside. Made with Colorfigures ·
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Frequently asked questions

Who fixes the public sidewalk in front of my house?

It depends on your city and the situation. In San Antonio, sidewalk work in the right-of-way needs a city permit and a registered contractor. Contact your city before repairing a public sidewalk.

Can I cut the oak roots that lifted my walk?

Cutting large roots can harm or destabilize a tree, and wounding oaks in spring can raise oak wilt risk in Texas. Get an arborist's advice, and consider rerouting or bridging the walk instead.

Can a tilted panel be fixed without replacing it?

A sunken panel can often be lifted, and a small raised edge can be ground down. Panels broken or heaved by roots are usually replaced joint to joint.

Sources and further reading

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